GB/T 12604.1—2005/ISO 5577:2000《无损检测  术语  超声检测》

1　范围

本标准界定了用于超声无损检测方法的术语，作为标准和一般使用的共同基础。

2　一般术语

2.1　声吸收  acoustical absorption

2.2　声各向异性  acoustical anisotropy

2.3　声阻抗  acoustical impedance

2.4　声影  acoustic shadow

阴影区  shadow zone

2.5　衰减  attenuation

声衰减  sound attenuation

2.6　声衰减系数  attenuation coefficient

2.7　声束轴线  beam axis

2.8　声束边缘  beam edge

2.9　声束轮廓  beam profile

2.10　声束扩散  beam spread

2.11　分贝  decibel

dB

2.12　不连续  discontinuity

2.13　边缘效应  edge effect

2.14　远场  far field

2.15　缺陷  flaw

        defect

2.16　界面  interface

2.17　背反射损失  loss of back reflection

底波损失

2.18　近场  near field

菲涅耳区  Fresnel zone

2.19　近场长度  near field length

2.20　近场点  near field point

2.21　传播时间  propagation time

    声时    time of flight

2.22　反射系数  reflection coefficient

2.23　反射体  reflector

2.24　散射  scattering

2.25　声场  sound field

2.26　声速  sound velocity

传播速度  velocity of propagation

2.27　检测频率  test frequency

2.28　超声声束  ultrasonic beam

声束  sound beam

2.29　超声波  ultrasonic wave

3　与“波”相关的术语

3.1　纵波  longitudinal wave

压缩波  compressional wave

3.2　连续波  continuous wave

3.3　爬波  creeping wave

3.4　波型转换  mode conversion

   mode transfomation

   wave conversion

3.5　板波  plate wave

兰姆波  Lamb wave

3.6　横波  transverse wave

切变波  shear wave

3.7　球面波  spherical wave

3.8　表面波  surface wave

瑞利波  Rayleigh wave

3.9　波前  wavefront

波阵面

3.10　波长  wavelength  

      λ

3.11　波列  wave train

4　与“角”相关的术语

4.1　入射角  angle of incidence

4.2　反射角  angle of reflection

4.3　折射角  angle of refraction

4.4　临界角  critical angle

4.5　扩散角  divergence angle

指向角

5　与“脉冲和回波”相关的术语

5.1　背面回波  back wall echo

   back surface echo

背反射  back reflection

底波  bottom echo

B

5.2　延迟回波  delayed echo

5.3　回波  echo

反射  reflection

5.4　缺陷回波  flaw echo

   defect echo

F

不连续回波  discontinuity echo

D

5.5　幻影回波  ghost echo 

   phantom echo 

   wrap-around

5.6　草状回波  grass

组织回波  structural echoes

5.7　界面回波  interface echo

5.8　多次回波  multiple echo

多次反射  multiple reflection

5.9　脉冲  pulse

5.10　侧面回波  side wall echo

W

5.11　干扰回波  spurious echo

    parasitic echo

5.12　界面波  surface echo

S

表面回波

5.13　发射脉冲指示  transmission pulse indication

T

始波

5.14　发射脉冲  transmitter pulse

6　与“探头”相关的术语

6.1　斜射探头  angle beam probe

angle beam search unit

斜探头  angle probe

6.2　中心频率  centre frequency

6.3　会聚距离  convergence distance

6.4　会聚区  convergence zone

会聚点  convergence point

6.5　延迟声程  delay path

6.6　场深  depth of field

焦区长度  focal zone

focal range

6.7　双换能器探头  double transducer probe

双晶探头  twin transducer probe

双探头  dual search unit

6.8　有效换能器尺寸  effective transducer size

6.9　电磁声换能器  electro-magnetic transducer

电动换能器  electrodynamic transducer

6.10　焦距  focal length

6.11　焦点  focal point

    focus

6.12　聚焦探头  focussing probe

6.13　液浸探头  immersion probe

6.14　探头标称角  nominal angle of probe

6.15　标称频率  nominal frequency

6.16　标称换能器尺寸  nominal transducer size

换能器尺寸  transducer size

元件尺寸  element size

6.17　直探头  normal probe

直射探头  straight beam probe

    straight beam search unit

6.18　峰值频率  peak frequency

6.19　峰数  peak number

6.20　相控阵探头  phased array probe

6.21　探头  probe

    search unit

6.22　探头阻尼因子  probe damping factor

6.23　探头入射点  probe index

6.24　探头靴  probe shoe

6.25　屋顶角  roof angle

半顶角  toe-in-semi-angle

6.26　偏向角  squint angle

6.27　偏向角  squint angle

6.28　表面波探头  surface wave probe

6.29　换能器  transducer

晶片  crystal

元件  element

6.30　换能器背衬  transducer backing

6.31　可变角探头  variable angle probe

6.32　耐磨片  wear plate

           diaphragm

6.33　斜楔  wedge

折射棱镜  refracting prism

6.34　轮式探头  wheel probe

    wheel search unit

7　与“超声检测仪器”相关的术语

7.1　幅度线性  amplitude linearity

7.2　盲区  dead zone

7.3　延迟扫描  delayed time base sweep

零点校正  correction of zero point

7.4　动态范围  dynamic range

7.5　电子距离-幅度补偿  electronic distance-amplitude-compensation (EDAC)

7.6　时基线扩展  expanded time-base sweep

    scale expansion

7.7　缺陷检测灵敏度  flaw (defect) detection sensitivity

7.8　增益控制  gain control

dB 控制  dB control

增益调节  gain adjustment

7.9　闸门  gate

时间闸门  time gate

7.10　闸门水平  gate level

闸门电平

监视电平  monitor level

监视水平

7.11　脉冲（回波）幅度  pulse (echo) amplitude

信号幅度  signal amplitude

7.12　脉冲能量  pulse energy

7.13　脉冲（回波）长度  pulse (echo) length

脉冲宽度

7.14　脉冲重复频率  pulse repetition frequency

prf

脉冲重复率  pulse repetition rate

7.15　脉冲形状  pulse shape

7.16　抑制  rejection

     supression

     reject

    grass cutting

7.17　分辨力  resolution

7.18　时基线  time base

扫描线  sweep

7.19　时基线控制  time base control

扫描线控制  sweep control

7.20　时基线性  time base linearity

7.21　时基线范围  time base range

检测范围  test range

7.22　超声检测设备  ultrasonic test equipment

7.23　超声检测仪  ultrasonic test instrument

8　与“试块”相关的术语

8.1　校准试块  calibration block

标准试块  standard test block

8.2　平底孔  flat bottom hole

FBH

圆盘缺陷  disc flaw

圆盘形反射体  disc shaped reflector

8.3　参考试块  reference block

对比试块 

8.4　参考缺陷   reference flaw (defect)

参考反射体  reference  reflector

8.5　横孔  side drilled hole

SDH

side cylindrical hole

9　与“检测技术（方法）”相关的术语

9.1　斜射技术  angle beam technique

9.2　自动扫查  automatic scanning

9.3　接触检测技术  contact testing technique

9.4　直接扫查技术  direct scan technique

一次波技术  single traverse technique

9.5　双探头技术  double probe technique

一收一发技术  pitch and catch technique

9.6　二次波技术  double traverse technique

9.7　间隙检测技术  gap testing technique

间隙扫描  gap scanning

9.8　液浸技术  immersion technique

液浸检测  immersion testing

9.9　间接扫查技术  indirect scan technique

间接扫查  indirect scan

9.10　手动扫查  manual scanning

9.11　多次回波技术  multiple-echo technique

9.12　多次波技术  multiple traverse technique

9.13　直射技术  normal beam technique

    straight beam technique

9.14　环绕扫查  orbital scanning

9.15　脉冲回波技术  pulse echo technique

脉冲反射技术  reflection (pulse) technique

9.16　扫查  scanning

9.17　单探头技术  single probe technique

9.18　螺旋扫查  spiral scanning

9.19　旋转扫查  swivel scanning

9.20　串列扫查技术  tandem (scanning) technique

9.21　衍射声时技术  time-of-flight diffraction technique

TOFD

9.22　穿透技术  transmission technique

9.23　尖端回波技术  tip echo technique

尖端衍射技术  tip diffraction technique

10　与“受检件”相关的术语

10.1　背面  back wall

    back surface

底面  bottom

10.2　声束入射点  beam index

10.3　回波接收点  echo receiving point

10.4　探头取向  probe orientation

10.5　扫查方向  scanning direction

10.6　检测面  test surface

扫查面  scanning surface

10.7　受检件  test object

    examination object

10.8　检测体积  test volume

    examination volume

11　与“耦合”相关的术语

11.1　耦合剂  couplant

耦合介质  coupling medium

耦合薄膜  coupling film

11.2　耦合损失  coupling losses

11.3　耦合剂声程  couplant path

11.4　转移修正  transfer correction

补偿

传输修正

12　与“定位”相关的术语

12.1　缺陷深度  flaw depth

反射体深度  reflector depth

12.2　投影声程长度  projected path length

12.3　跨距  skip distance

12.4　声程长度  sound path length

13　与“评价方法”相关的术语

13.1　DAC 法  DAC method

13.2　DGS 图  DGS diagram

AVG 图  AVG diagram

13.3　DGS 法  DGS method

AVG 法  AVG method

13.4　距离幅度校正曲线  distance-amplitude correction curve

DAC

13.5　参考试块法  reference block method

13.6　– 6 dB 法  – 6 dB drop method

半波高度法  half-amplitude method

13.7　– 20 dB 法  – 20 dB drop method

14　与“显示方法”相关的术语

14.1　A 扫描显示  A-scan display

     A-scan presentation

14.2